What makes a collection of chemical reactions into a functioning living organism?

How do biological cells perceive and manipulate their noisy world at the same time?

How does chemistry and mechanics come together to create intelligent spatiotemporal patterns?

These questions are at the heart of our research. Information processing in soft and living matter often involves a combination of chemical reactions, mechanical forces, and diffusion, without a clear separation between their timescales. We quantify the dynamics and optimal designs of such information processing. For this, we develop novel theoretical and computational techniques centered in statistical physics and information theory. The theoretical predictions are tested through ongoing collaborations with several experimental groups. Our goal is to understand the fundamental design principles of mechano-chemical computation in biological and synthetic systems.

Condensates forming in a solvent

Condensate formation under chemical signals

How do rare events affect information processing? We investigate how the nucleation and phase-separation of biomolecular condensates is used by cells to process chemical signals.

Bacterium with flagella climbing up a concentration gradient

Actuation of motile bacteria

How does sensing and actuation jointly give rise to biological function? We explore how motile cells convert chemical signals into mechanical actuation in order to swim.

  • A. Das & P. R. ten Wolde, Navigation driven by bidirectional information transmission between sensing and actuation (2026), arXiv
T1 transition with chemical signaling

Collective rearrangements of cells

Can the information from biochemical signaling give rise to spatial patterns? We uncover how cells rearrange in tissues through mechano-chemical coupling.

Neural Network

Information theory of soft matter

How do we quantify information transmission in complex, nonlinear, stochastic systems? We develop groundbreaking theoretical and computational tools using statistical physics, stochastic physics and information theory.

  • A. Das & P. R. ten Wolde, Exact computation of transfer entropy with Path Weight Sampling, Physical Review Letters: Editors' Suggestion, 135, 107404 (2025), DOI, arXiv